Star pattern in C with hollow diamonds
Let's develop a C program that generates a pattern of hollow diamond shapes:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter number of rows: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
for(int j=i; j<=n; j++)
{
printf(" ");
}
for(int k=1; k<=2*i-1; k++)
{
if(k==1 || k==(2*i-1)) printf("*");
else printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
}
for(int i=n-1; i>=1; i--)
{
for(int j=n; j>=i; j--)
{
printf(" ");
}
for(int k=1; k<=2*i-1; k++)
{
if(k==1 || k==2*i-1) printf("*");
else printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter number of rows: 7
*
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
*
Numbering Pattern in a Hollow Diamond:
Instead of asterisks, this outline diamond pattern contains numerical values. Consequently, only a fraction of the code will be modified, leaving the majority unaffected.
The pattern counts up from 1 to 5 starting with 1 . Only 1 appears in the first and last rows, whereas exactly 2 identical numbers appear in all other rows. The size of the design increases from the first to the fifth row while decreasing from the sixth to the ninth row.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, a=1;
printf("Enter number of rows: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
for(int j=i; j<=n; j++)
{
printf(" ");
}
for(int k=1; k<=2*i-1; k++)
{
if(k==1 || k==2*i-1) printf("%d",a);
else printf(" ");
}
a++;
printf("\n");
}
a=n-1;
for(int i=n-1; i>=1; i--)
{
for(int j=n; j>=i; j--)
{
printf(" ");
}
for(int k=1; k<=2*i-1; k++)
{
if(k==1 || k==2*i-1) printf("%d",a);
else printf(" ");
}
a--;
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
Output:
Input: 5
1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1
In this pattern, the initial and final rows contain a single character, while all the middle rows consist of exactly two characters. Just substitute the * with a different symbol to showcase any character instead of the stars. However, for this exercise, ensure that each symbol used is distinct.
We will utilize the subsequent 2 techniques to display the empty diamond shape in C:
- Implementing a for loop
- Utilizing a while loop
First approach: Using for Loop
// The Hollow Diamond Printing C Program
// using a for loop in a pattern
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n = 5, rows, columns;
// For loop is utilised to recognise
// upper triangle is printed using the amount of rows.
for (rows = 1; rows <= n; rows++) {
// used for printing the spaces
for (columns = n; columns > rows; columns--) {
printf(" ");
}
// print star
printf("*");
// again print the spaces
for (columns = 1; columns < (rows - 1) * 2;
columns++) {
printf(" ");
}
if (rows == 1) {
printf("\n");
}
else {
printf("*\n");
}
}
// For loop is utilised to recognise
// lower triangle is printed using the amount of rows.
for (rows = n - 1; rows >= 1; rows--) {
// used for printing the spaces
for (columns = n; columns > rows; columns--) {
printf(" ");
}
// print star
printf("*");
for (columns = 1; columns < (rows - 1) * 2;
columns++) {
printf(" ");
}
if (rows == 1) {
printf("\n");
}
else {
printf("*\n");
}
}
return 0;
}
Output:
*
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
*
Another approach: Using While Loop
Now, we are able to display the empty diamond shape by utilizing a while loop:
// The Hollow Diamond Printing C Program
// using a while loop in a pattern
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n = 5, rows = 1, columns;
// Identifying is done using a while loop.
// the quantity of rows and
// The upper triangle is printed using it.
while (rows <= n) {
columns = n;
// the method for printing spaces
while (columns > rows) {
printf(" ");
columns--;
}
// star in print
printf("*");
columns = 1;
while (columns < (rows - 1) * 2) {
printf(" ");
columns++;
}
if (rows == 1) {
printf("\n");
}
else {
printf("*\n");
}
rows++;
}
// It uses a while loop to identify
// the quantity of rows and
// it is used to print lower triangle
rows = n - 1;
while (rows >= 1) {
columns = n;
// used for printing the spaces
while (columns > rows) {
printf(" ");
columns--;
}
// print star
printf("*");
columns = 1;
while (columns < (rows - 1) * 2) {
printf(" ");
columns++;
}
if (rows == 1) {
printf("\n");
}
else {
printf("*\n");
}
rows--;
}
return 0;
}
Output:
*
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
*
