Difference Between C And Dart

C is a procedural coding language developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs in the early 1970s. Its popularity grew due to its effectiveness, versatility, and close association with the UNIX operating system. The influence of C can be seen in numerous modern programming languages, and it remains widely employed, particularly in system development, embedded systems, and low-level programming.

Features of C:

Some several features of the C language are as follows:

• ✅ C is a low-level language with basic syntax and minimum abstraction, highlighting the efficiency and simple hardware operations.
• ✅ It provides pointers for memory management but lacks built-in support for newer ideas like classes and objects.
• ✅ It is known for the wide application of libraries such as the C Standard Library , which includes functions for I/O, string manipulation, assigning memory, etc.
• ✅ Manual memory management is a key feature that gives developers control over memory distribution and deallocation of memory.

Components of C:

Some key elements of the C programming language include:

1. Including Header Files - Line 1 [#include <stdio.h>]

The initial and most crucial element involves including Header files within a C program. Header files, denoted by the .h extension, contain C function declarations and macro definitions that are common across multiple source files. Any lines starting with # are processed by a preprocessor, which is a tool known as the compiler.

1. Definition of the Main Method - Line 2 [int main]

The main function is defined following in a C program. It acts as the entry point of a C program, and typically, the program's execution commences from the first line of the main function.

1. Main Method Body - Lines 3 to 6 [enclosed in{}]

In a C program, the function's body encompasses the set of statements that define its operations. This can range from alterations to tasks like searching, sorting, and displaying results. The body of a function is enclosed within a pair of curly brackets, marking the start and end of the function's implementation.

1. Statement - Line 4 [printf("Hello World");]

Statements in programming are essentially instructions given to the compiler for execution. It is important to note that in the C language, each statement is terminated with a semicolon (;). For instance, when we want to display the text "Hello World" on the screen, we typically achieve this by utilizing the printf function.

1. The Return Statement is another fundamental component in programming.

The return statement serves as the final element within every C function. It elucidates the values that the function will return. The outcome of this return statement, along with the actual value returned, is determined by the function's return type.

What is the Dart Language?

Dart is a programming language developed by Google and released as an open-source project. It is versatile, intended for use on both server-side and client-side applications. The Dart Software Development Kit (SDK) comprises various components such as the Dart VM, the compiler, and the utility dart2js. This tool is specifically crafted to convert Dart scripts into JavaScript, enabling them to run seamlessly on platforms that do not natively support Dart.

Dart is a programming language oriented towards objects, sharing many similarities with Java. It is extensively employed in the creation of single-page websites and web applications. An exemplary instance of a Dart-based application is Gmail.

Dart libraries:

Dart includes a robust set of core libraries that provide a platform for many common programming tasks:

• ✅ Dart programs have built-in types, collections, and other basic capabilities (dart:core) .
• ✅ Queues, linked lists, hashmaps, and binary tree structures (dart:collection) are more advanced collection types.
• ✅ Encoders and decoders for converting data formats such as JSON and UTF-8 (dart:convert) .
• ✅ Random numbers generation (dart:math) and mathematics parameters and functions.
• ✅ Non-web application document, socket, HTTP, and other types of I/O support (dart: io).
• ✅ Asynchronous programming is supported using classes like Future and Stream (dart: async).
• ✅ Lists that handle fixed-sized data effectively (for example, unsigned 8-byte integers) and SIMD numerical types (dart:typed_data).
• ✅ Foreign functional interfaces (dart:ffi) are used for compatibility with other programs that use a C-style interface.
• ✅ Concurrent programming with isolates and independent workers comparable to threads but without shared memory, interacting primarily through messages (dart: isolate) .
• ✅ HTML components and other resources for applications built for the web that must communicate with browsers and the Document Object Model (DOM) (dart:html) .

Dart Platforms:

Dart's compilation capabilities enable code execution through different methods:

• ✅ For native platforms: Dart provides an ahead-of-time (AOT) compiler to generate machine code and a Dart virtual machine (VM) that supports just-in-time (JIT) compilation for applications targeting mobile and desktop environments.
• ✅ On the web platform: Dart allows compiling web applications for production or development purposes. It translates Dart code into JavaScript using its web compiler.

Key Differences between C and Dart:

There exist numerous distinctions between the C and Dart programming languages. Key disparities between C and Dart include: