JavaScript Operators

In JavaScript, an operator is a distinctive symbol or keyword that functions on one or multiple operands to yield a result. It holds significant importance in managing the flow and handling of data within the language.

Types of JavaScript Operators

There are various operators that JavaScript supports. Such as:

• ✅ Arithmetic Operators
• ✅ Assignment Operators
• ✅ Comparison Operators
• ✅ Logical Operators
• ✅ Bitwise Operators
• ✅ Ternary Operators
• ✅ Delete Operators
• ✅ String Operators
• ✅ Typeof Operators
• ✅ Instanceof Operators
• ✅ Chaining Operators
• ✅ Comma Operators

1. Arithmetic Operators

In JavaScript, arithmetic operators facilitate various mathematical computations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and more.

Example

const add = 3 + 3; //Addition

const sub = 4 - 1; //Subtraction

const a = 3 * 8; // Multiplication

const b = 4/2; //Division

console.log(add, sub, a, b);

Output:

6 3 24 2

Explanation:

• ✅ The + operator is used to add two numbers.
• ✅ The - operator is used to subtract two numbers.
• ✅ The * operator is used to multiply two numbers.
• ✅ The / operator is used to divide two numbers.

2. Assignment Operators

In JavaScript, assignment operators serve the purpose of assigning values to variables. These operators can execute various operations, such as addition or multiplication, prior to the assignment of the resultant value.

Example

let a = 20;

a += 2;

a *= 3;

console.log(a);

Output:

Explanation

• ✅ The = operator assigns a value to a variable.
• ✅ The += operator adds and assigns the result to the variable.
• ✅ The *= multiplies and assigns the result to the variable.

3. Comparison Operators

Comparison Operators serve the purpose of evaluating two values and yielding a Boolean result (either true or false). These operators are instrumental in facilitating decision-making processes within conditional Statements.

Example

let a = 3;

let b = 5;

let result = a < b;

console.log(result);

Output:

Explanation

It compares the value of a and b using the less-than operator <. Since 3 is less than 5, the result will be true.

4. Logical Operators

In JavaScript, logical operators are used to perform the logical operations that determine the equality or difference between the values.

Example

const p = true, q = false;

console.log(p && q);

console.log(p || q);

Output:

false

true

Explanation

• ✅ The && operator returns true if both operands are true.
• ✅ The !! Operator returns true if at least one operand is true.

5. Bitwise Operators

In JavaScript, bitwise operators are used to perform operations on binary representative of numbers. In other words, the bitwise operator performs the operations by converting the integers into binary form.

• ✅ & performs a bitwise AND.
• ✅ | performs a bitwise OR.
• ✅ ^ performs a bitwise XOR.
• ✅ ~ performs a bitwise NOT.

Example

console.log(3 & 1);

Output:

Explanation

When we transform the resulting string "001" into a decimal number, the output will be "1". Consequently, the expression "1" & "3" yields 1.

6. Ternary Operator

In JavaScript, the ternary operator consists of three operands and is commonly referred to as a conditional operator.

Example

const age = 10;

const status= age >= 18? "Adult": "Minor";

console.log(status);

Output:

Explanation

condition: expression1 ? expression2 evaluates to expression1 if it is true. If expression1 is false, it evaluates to expression2 instead.

7. Delete Operator

In JavaScript, the delete operator serves the purpose of removing a property from an object. This operator not only eliminates the value associated with the property but also the property itself. Once a property has been removed, it cannot be accessed again unless it is reintroduced.

The delete operator is applicable solely to the properties of objects; it cannot be utilized on variables or functions.

Example

const student = {

    rollNum: 27,

    Name: "James Bond",

    Grade: "A",

    Age:19

};

delete student.Age;

console.log(student);

Output:

{ rollNum: 27, Name: 'James Bond', Grade: 'A' }

8. String Operator

In JavaScript, the operators used for strings allow for the merging of two separate strings into a unified string. These string operators function as binary operators, requiring the + symbol to be placed between the two string operands to successfully concatenate them into one cohesive string.

Example

str1 = "Example";

str2 = "Tech";

result = str1 + str2;

console.log(result);

Output:

Example

9. Typeof Operator

In JavaScript, the typeof operator serves as a tool for verifying data types and provides the type of the operand supplied to it. The operand can consist of any variable, function, or object whose type you wish to ascertain through the use of the typeof operator.

Example

console.log(typeof "ExampleTech");

console.log(typeof 50);

console.log(typeof false);

console.log(typeof {});

console.log(typeof undefined);

Output:

string

number

boolean

object

undefined

10. Instanceof Operator

The instanceof operator verifies whether a particular object is an instance of a designated class. When the condition is satisfied, it returns true; otherwise, it yields false.

Example

const n = [1, 2, 23, 4];

console.log(n instanceof Array);

console.log(n instanceof Object);

console.log(n instanceof Number);

console.log(n instanceof String);

Output:

true

true

false

false

11. Chaining Operator

In JavaScript, the optional chaining operator provides a means to safely access properties that are nested multiple levels deep, preventing errors from occurring when a property is not present.

Example

const obj = {name: "Rohit", address: {city: "Noida"}};

console.log(obj.address?.city);

console.log(obj.contact?. phone);

Output:

Noida

undefined

12. Comma Operator

In JavaScript, the comma operator is utilized to sequentially evaluate its operands from the left to the right, ultimately yielding the value of the operand located furthest to the right.

Example

let a, b;

const result = (a = 10, b = 2, a + b);

console.log(result);

Output:

Advance Operator Usage

In JavaScript, there exist advanced applications of operators that you may want to investigate further. These include:

Operator Hierarchy: In JavaScript, it is essential to grasp the sequence in which operators are prioritized in an expression. You have the option to utilize parentheses to dictate the evaluation order when necessary.

Type Coercion: In JavaScript, there are instances where values are automatically converted from one type to another during various operations. This implicit conversion can occasionally result in outcomes that are not anticipated.

Bitwise Operators for Advanced Manipulation: In JavaScript, bitwise operators serve as potent tools for performing intricate bit manipulation operations.

Conclusion

To summarize, operators in JavaScript play a crucial role in executing calculations, enabling data manipulation, and managing the program's flow. They serve as the essential building blocks for all JavaScript applications.