What is HTML?
HTML, short for HyperText Markup Language, serves as the fundamental markup language for building web pages. It merges Hypertext and markup language concepts to establish connections between web pages.
HTML allows us to encapsulate the content of a document within tags, shaping the layout of web pages. It serves as a tool to markup text for machine comprehension and subsequent text manipulation.
Multiple components assist in directing search engines on how to present content on a webpage.
For instance, headings, lists, graphics, hyperlinks, and various other elements.
How to create a smiley face in HTML?
To illustrate the process of generating a smiley face with HTML, let's consider an example.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Smiley Face</title>
<style>
div#wrapper {
width: 10%;
padding: 50px;
}
.smiley {
height: 100px;
width: 100px;
position: relative;
border-radius: 50px;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
}
.smiley.eye {
height: 12px;
width: 12px;
border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
position: absolute;
}
.left-eye {
top: 25px;
left: 30px;
}
.right-eye {
top: 25px;
right: 30px;
}
.mouth {
-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius: 30px;
-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 30px;
-moz-border-radius-bottomright: 30px;
-moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 30px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 30px;
border-bottom-left-radius: 30px;
height: 30px;
background-color: #000;
position: absolute;
width: 50px;
left: 25px;
top: 60px;
}
div#wrapper,.smiley div {
background-color: rgb(8, 8, 8);
}
.smiley {
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div class="smiley">
<div class="left-eye eye"></div>
<div class="right-eye eye"></div>
<div class="mouth"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
Features of HTML
HTML offers a wide range of functionalities, and we will now explore a few prevalent features of HTML, including:
Simple and User-friendly
Annotations in HTML are facilitated through the use of tags. These tags help improve the readability of content for both users and browsers. Additionally, they enable browsers to apply CSS to the document, enhancing the overall visual presentation.
Semantic Structure
One of the fundamental aspects of HTML is its provision of a variety of tags designed for marking specific elements for particular purposes. For instance, if we consider the <article> tag, it is employed to mark up the content of a webpage. On the other hand, the <aside> tag serves the purpose of representing content in the document that is not directly related to the primary content.
Multimedia Integration
It possesses the inbuilt capability to embed different forms of multimedia content, including audio files, images, and videos, into web pages. We can achieve embedded multimedia content with the use of appropriate tags within HTML such as <img>, <video>, and <audio>.
Another essential aspect of HTML is the <canvas> element, which enables the integration of interactive visuals and animated content.
Responsive design
HTML incorporates coding concepts such as fluid grids, flexible images, and breakpoints in designing websites. By utilizing this methodology, we can ensure that the website maintains its visual appeal across both desktop and mobile devices, remaining adaptable and responsive.
SEO (Search Engine Optimization)
By utilizing tags, we can improve the discoverability of a website. HTML simplifies the process for search engine crawlers to index a website's content. Certain tags play a vital role in optimizing a website for search engines in HTML, including the title tag, meta description tag, heading tags, and alt attribute tag.
Media Support
Furthermore, it is capable of rendering images, videos, and audio files effectively due to its strong media playback features. HTML5 brought in new elements like <video> and <audio> tags, simplifying the process even more. These tags allow us to incorporate controls, customize button designs, and manipulate playback through programming.
Platform independent
Operating within a browser environment, HTML is platform-agnostic, allowing websites created with HTML to be accessed across various platforms. This versatility enables HTML-based content to be viewed on different computer systems and mobile devices, irrespective of the operating system in use. Thus, HTML, including its different versions, is considered platform-neutral.
Web workers
When multiple complex tasks are carried out at the same time, it can lead to a decrease in the browser's performance. To address this concern, HTML5 brought in the concept of web workers. Web workers enable the execution of tasks in a separate background process, thus preventing any disruption to the user interface (UI) thread. This functionality is particularly useful for handling tasks like multimedia processing without impacting the main thread.
To sum up, HTML 5 provides extra functionalities that enhance web development and empower the design of dynamic and engaging websites with enhanced reliability. HTML continues to be essential for successful web development.